Reports

Reports:

A report is an executable program which takes some input, fetches the relevant data, processes it and gives some output.

There are 7 types of reports. They are:

1. Interactive reports
2. Classic reports
3. Logical database reports
4. Alv reports
5. Graphic reports.
6. ABAP query
7. Report writer.

1. Classical Reports

In classic reports, we can see the output in single list where as in interactive reports we can see the output in multiple lists.

These are the simplest reports. Programmers learn this one first. It is just an output of data using the Write statement inside a loop.
• Classical reports are normal reports. These reports are not having any sub reports. IT IS HAVING ONLY ONE SCREEN/LIST FOR OUTPUT.
Events In Classical Reports.
• INTIALIZATION: This event triggers before selection screen display.
• AT-SELECTION-SCREEN: This event triggers after processing user input still selection screen is in active mode.
• START OF SELECTION: Start of selection screen triggers after processing selection screen.
• END-OF-SELECTION: It is for Logical Database Reporting.


2. Interactive Reports

As the name suggests, the user can Interact with the report. We can have a drill down into the report data. For example, Column one of the report displays the material numbers, and the user feels that he needs some more specific data about the vendor for that material, he can HIDE that data under those material numbers.
And when the user clicks the material number, another report (actually sub report/secondary list) which displays the vendor details will be displayed.
We can have a basic list (number starts from 0) and 20 secondary lists (1 to 21).
Events associated with Interactive Reports are:
1. AT LINE-SELECTION
2. AT USER-COMMAND
3. AT PF
4. TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
HIDE statement holds the data to be displayed in the secondary list.
sy-lisel: contains data of the selected line.
sy-lsind : contains the level of report (from 0 to 21)
Interactive Report Events:
• AT LINE-SELECTION : This Event triggers when we double click a line on the list, when the event is triggered a new sublist is going to be generated. Under this event what ever the statements that are been return will be displayed on newly generated sublist.
• AT PFn: For predefined function keys...
• AT USER-COMMAND : It provides user functions keys.
• TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION :top of page event for secondary list.


3.Logical Database Reports

Logical database is another tool for ABAP reports. Using LDB we can provide extra features for ABAP reports.
While using LDB there is no need for us to declare Parameters.
Selection-screen as they will be generated automatically.
We have to use the statement NODES in ABAP report.
If there are many tables the Performance will be slow as all the table data will be read from top node to bottom node .

4. Alv reports

ALV means ABAP List Viewer.
ALV is available in two modes: list and grid. List mode is good old list processing with standard functionalities, and grid mode is using a new OCX object displaying grids

ALV LIST- the commonly used ALV functions are
1.REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_DEFAULT_GET
2.REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_F4
3.REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_EXISTENCE
4.REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET
5.REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE
6.REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
7.REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
8.REUSE_ALV_POPUP_TO_SELECT

5) Graphical reports

Graphical -- Redirecting sap data into Business graphics
Here by using
Graph_2D, Graph_3D function modules we can get the 2D and 3D graphical reports.

6. ABAP Query Reports

ABAP query is another tool for ABAP. It provides efficency for ABAP reports. These reports are very accurate.
Transaction Code : SQ01
Report Writer
Key Concept :
Super users and end users can use Report Painter/Report Writer tools to write their own reports.
Giving them the ability to report on additional fields at their discretion shifts the report maintenance burden to them, saving SAP support groups time and effort normally spent creating and maintaining the reports.
Instead of using ABAP code to write a report in FI and CO, many users build a Report Painter/ Report Writer library using transaction MC27.
However, this workaround has some drawbacks. Little known transaction GRCT solves these problems in most cases, and eliminates the need to use transaction MC27.

7. report painter / report writer

You use the Report Painter to create reports from data in the Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL) application component and other SAP application components to meet your specific reporting requirements.
Many reporting requirements can be met using the standard reports provided by various SAP application components. However, if your reporting requirements are not fulfilled by SAP’s standard reports, you can use the Report Painter to quickly and easily define your own reports.

The Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL) application component does not provide any standard Report Painter reports because you must first install your FI-SL system setup (database tables and so on) to meet your specific business requirements.
Advantages of the Report Painter include:
• Easy and flexible report definition
• Report definition without using sets
• Direct layout control

In addition to the Report painter, you can use the Report Writer to define reports. You use the Report Writer to create reports from data in the Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL) application component and other SAP application components to meet your specific reporting requirements.
The Report Writer is a tool using which you can define reports.
Many reporting requirements can be met using the standard reports provided by various SAP application components. However, if your reporting requirements are not fulfilled by SAP's standard reports, you can also define complex reports using the Report Writer.
With the Report Writer, you can organize reports to meet the specific needs of your enterprise. The Report Writer uses reporting building blocks, such as sets, which can be used in any report.

ABAP Report Types
ABAP report types are those ones available in some report's attributes screen, i.e. :
• Executable program
• Function group (containing function modules)
• Include
• Interface pool
• Class pool
• Module pool
• Subroutine pool